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"The Truth That The Facts Bear Out"


When I studied philosophy in the 1970s, I read a lot of philosopher Bertrand Russell's works. One of his intellectual legacy to the human race is that: "...ask yourself only what are the facts and what is the truth that the facts bear out." To begin with, we need to know : "what are facts?" and "what is truth?"

A fact is not a theory or value. It is something or a state of affair that exists. I have verified the fact that the philosopher did make such a statement in a video interview, which I believe, more probable than not, that both the audio and the video are real.

But is what the philosopher asserts in the factual statement true? A simple way to discern truth is to appeal to authority eg as Bertrand Russel is a philosopher, we can appeal to authority by believing what he states must be true. Alternatively, we can follow our own instincts for determining if someone is telling the truth.

For practical reasoning, truth is a statement that corresponds with something that actually exists, or is coherent with interconnected beliefs eg fact is good and truth is right. The standards of proof (ie the different degrees of belief) in law rather than the philosophical or psychological ones could help us discern the philosopher's intellectual legacy. You may wish to consider choosing a lower test of "balance of probabilities" (more probable than not) or "preponderance of evidence" (something is more likely so than not so), or a higher test as "beyond reasonable doubt" (based on reason and not speculation)!

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